Plastic injection molding is the primary process for manufacturing plastic parts. Plastic is a very versatile and economical material that is used in many products. Although tooling is expensive, the cost per part is very low. Complex geometries are possible are limited only to mold manufacturability. Everything you use in your daily life made of plastic went through the injection molding process.
Injection molding involves taking plastic in the form of pellets or granules and heating the material until it melts. Then, the melt is forces into a split-die chamber/mold where it is allowed to cool into the desired shape. The mold is then opened and the part is ejected, at which time the cycle is repeated over and over.
Molds are typically designed by mechanical engineers using a CAD program.