How does a fog machine work?

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A fog machine has four basic parts, and if we look at each component separately, we can better understand the operation of the entire machine.

• Fog Fluid: Fog fluid, or fog juice, is comprised of water and a glycol or glycerine-based fluid. You’ll want to pour a specific amount of fog fluid into the machine where it will come under the power of the…
• Pump: The pump provides the power and the noise for the machine. It simply forces the fog fluid in front of the…
• Heat Exchanger: The heat exchanger is a metal block often made of aluminum. The fog fluid travels down a small path and over the heat source, and the intense heat quickly evaporates the fluid in a process called flashing. Flashing causes the fluid (now evaporated) to expand, which in turn increases the pressure in the machine, forcing the fog fluid out of the…
• Exit Nozzle: As soon as the evaporated fog fluid exits this nozzle and touches the cool air, it reforms into a thick fog.

You direct this entire process via a fifth component: the control. Some fog machines have a simple on/off switch while other machines have a remote timer or require you to hold down a button to make fog. As long as the machine is turned on, it will make fog almost continuously. The only breaks in fog production will occur when the heat exchanger rests to reheat, which occurs for one to two minutes approximately every five minutes.



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